Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are physical and engineered systems whose operations are monitored, coordinated, controlled and integrated by a computing and communication core. The economic and societal potential of such systems is vastly greater than what has been realized, and major investments are being made worldwide to develop the technology. There are considerable challenges, particularly because the physical components of such systems introduce safety and reliability requirements qualitatively different from those in general purpose computing. Moreover, physical components are qualitatively different from objectoriented software components. The vision for smart manufacturing is for all aspects of manufacturing to be highly integrated, from plant operation to supply chain. The entire life cycle of a product would be enabled to be tracked, including aspects such as processes and resources, leading to manufacturing environments that are flexible and can optimize performance and efficiency. Advances in CPS can help to reduce the Time-to-market for products replica omega and systems, while promoting innovation, competition, and resilience in supply chains. These advances can allow a more flexible optimization of cost and markets since Production could be located near materials, technology skill centers, or consumers. The Future workforce of manufacturing will have core knowledge and skills that can be applied to innovation and research.